These courses (A7/A8) introduce students to the basics of microscopic processes in the Universe through some textbooks and papers. Furthermore, students will be able to obtain basic techniques to detect cosmic X-rays (A7) and gamma-rays (A8) by doing some basic experiments.
First half of the course hour is devoted to theoretical seminar common to A7 and A8. In the second half of the course hour, students break into two groups (A7 and A8) and each group does some basic experiments about the detection of the X-ray and gamma-ray.
Students will make their own proportional counters and following electric circuits such as preamplifiers and shaping amplifiers. By detecting X-rays with their counters, students will be able to study the basic skills of X-ray detection.
Students will do some basic experiments by using various detectors such as proportional counters, scintillation counters, and semiconductor detectors. Finally students will do an experiment for detecting cosmic-rays.